Полският фотоволтаичен пазар е с отличен потенциал за растеж през 2019
/10th April 2019, by Renewable Market Watch™/
Poland is a promising country among Central East European (CEE) countries for investors in solar photovoltaic (PV) generation facilities. According to the research department of Renewable Market Watch™, the Polish economy is a safe for business environment and long-term planning with a low risk of financial crisis, offering excellent opportunities for renewable energy investments. In times of global economic crisis Poland has strengthened its position, not only in the region of Central and Eastern Europe but also all over the continent.
Current Power Market Situation
As of 2007, the electricity market was made completely open. However, long-term electricity contracts have prevented market development. Due to the lengths of contact being set to give current market actors time to develop their infrastructure, the market is difficult to break into. The Energy Regulatory Office (ERO) was established in 1997 with the aim of supporting, among other things, uniformity of solutions in the field of energy regulation, adoption of the relevant EU standards thus facilitating appropriate structural and system transformations.
Energy consumption in Poland is strongly dominated by the use of coal. Consuming 77 million tonnes of coal per year, Poland is the 10th largest coal consumer in the world and the 2nd largest in the EU, after Germany. 92% of electricity and 89% of heat in Poland is generated from coal (World Energy Council 2017). Coal has a share of 51% in gross inland consumption, followed by 25% of petroleum products, 14% of gas and 9% of renewable energies. For any government of Poland, no matter which direction, it is not an easy task to rely on renewable energies in this coal-led energy world.
Because of the importance of coal to Poland's economy, one of the country's main priorities remains the restructuring of the coal sector, with considerable political, social and economic consequences. A large part of the sector will have to be closed, which will lead to dramatic unemployment levels in areas that are very often mono-productive. The Central Mining Institute estimates that coal production will fall by one third in 2030 if no investments are made in the sector
The Polish Energy Regulatory Office (ERO) reported in the first half of 2018 that energy generated by renewable energy sources (RES) in Poland is approximately 13.5% of the total production. The main share (c.a. 68%) of this production for wind energy, followed by 15.95% biomass, 11.5% hydro, 2.7% biogas, and 1.2% solar energy.
Grid Infrastructure
The electricity grid in Poland is sub-divided into transmission grids (maximum voltage) and distribution grids (high, medium and low voltage). Polish transmission system operator (TSO) has over 100 high voltage substations. The number of electricity consumers in the country exceeds 17 million.
The Polish grid infrastructure needs serious amounts of investments to modernize transmission lines, some of which are in a poor condition. According to estimations of the Energy Brainpool, the Polish market is facing big challenges considering the security of power supply. If there will be no changes in the electricity system, the supply side will not cover the power demand in the near future already.
Climate and Energy Policies
GHG emissions in Poland decreased strongly by 37% in the period 1990-2002, but after 2002 emissions grew by 3% to 2015. Poland has a growth target of 14% for the 2005-2020 period under the Effort Sharing Decision (ESD), and it is on track to reach this target because the actual emission increase is lower than expected in the ESD target.
Comparative indicators such as emission intensity indicate that Poland performs worse than most other Eastern European countries and average EU-28 Member States in terms of emission reductions and decarbonisation in the energy sector which is due to its strong reliance on coal. Recent decisions and revised legislation in 2017 in the energy sector will lead to an increased role of coal in energy supply compared to past plans and a much slower expansion of renewable energies than in recent years, in particular for wind power.
Polish plans in the energy sector will not contribute to significant further emission reductions in the future. As Poland is the fifth largest EU emitter, this may slow down overall EU progress in emission reductions.
Current Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Power Market Situation
The maturing German, Spanish, Czech, Slovakian and Italian markets allowed investors to look for new opportunities in Central and Eastern European (CEE) nations. However, regarding the renewable electricity generation, the Polish solar photovoltaic (PV) market loses greatly to wind energy in terms of installed capacity according to the research department of Renewable Market Watch™.
Wind is still the most popular clean energy source in Poland’s renewable sector, with 5,798 MW of installed capacity by the end of 2017. Coal and lignite-fired plants currently provide the majority of the electricity consumed in the country. Due to the lack of proper government support for solar photovoltaic (PV) energy in Poland between 2010 and 2016, the biggest country of the CEE region, trails far behind its neighbors.
Solar Auctions (Tenders)
Cumulative installed solar PV capacity in the country is quickly growing since 2016 under the renewable energy sources (RES) auction model and net metering support scheme established by the Polish government, reveals Renewable Market Watch™ in its recently published report Poland Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Power Market Outlook 2018÷2027.
At the latest round held by the Polish Energy Regulation Office (ERO) on 15th November 2018, total number of 251 companies placed 554 bids for solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants in the country. The lowest auction price was PLN 288.99/MWh (€67.03/MWh), while the highest auction price was PLN 364.9/MWh (€84.63/MWh). New auctions for 700 MW solar photovoltaic (PV) projects are expected in 2019. According to information from the Polish transmission system operator (PSE) shared in 2018 the country’s electricity system shall need almost 2,000 MW (2 GW) of solar photovoltaic (PV) power capacity to manage with the summer peak consumption.
Major Solar PV Project Developments
Modus Energy finished construction of 12 new solar PV power plants in Poland in 2018. These 12 solar PV power plant projects are the first of more than 50 projects to be implemented by Modus Energy in the country. Around 30 identical solar projects across various regions of the country are also planned. Approximately 56 MW is to be generated by the solar power plants that will be installed in an area of around 130 ha. The total amount of investments is estimated at over EUR 50 million.
Hanwha Q CELLS GmbH has confirmed that its Q.PEAK-G4.1 monocrystalline solar modules are the best-selling solar panels in Poland for 2018 with approximately fifty per cent (50 %) market share.
Polski Solar Holding has obtained EU funding for the construction of two solar energy projects in the municipalities of Stara Kamienica and Prusice in Lower Silesia. Polski Solar also submitted twenty-two bids, totalling over 17 MW of solar photovoltaic projects, in the Polish Energy Auction on November 15, 2018.
ReneSola Ltd. announced at the end of November 2018 that it was awarded 26 solar utility projects in Poland with a capacity of 1 MW for each. All of these 26 projects are under Poland's Contract for Difference (CFD) regime and eligible for a 15-year guaranteed tariff of PLN 354.8-358.8/MWh, close to the highest auction price of PLN 364.9/MWh.
Renewable Market Watch™ expects new installed solar PV capacity in Poland in 2019 to be higher compared to 2018.
Investment Incentives
The country offers a wide range of investment incentives. The system of public aid in Poland is currently in the process of important transformation. Polish Government replaced Special Economic Zones (SEZ), which have been operating in Poland for more than 20 years, with new instrument: Polish Investment Zone (PIZ).
Since the end 1990s, in Poland there were 14 operating Special Economic Zones and altogether they have covered only 0,08% of Polish territory. However, Poland adopted the New Investment Support Act in June 2018. The new law is intended to expand the area offering tax incentives up to almost 100% of Poland’s investment space. The new law intends to expand the area offering tax incentives up to almost 100% of Poland’s investment space. The New Investment Support Act provides that all the areas allocated for business activities in Poland will be turned into a single investment zone.
If you need more information for solar projects in Poland, please do not hesitate to download from here: Sample list with contact details of solar project owners in Poland.
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